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Exam 6: Deviance and Social Control

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Question 51

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What are the five techniques of neutralization identified by Gresham Sykes and David Matza? Provide an example of each.

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(1)Denial of responsibility. Jennifer wa...

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Question 52

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The chances of receiving the death penalty are greatly affected by geography (where the murder took place),social class,and gender.

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Question 53

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Why is the relativity of deviance MOST aligned with the symbolic interactionist perspective?

Based on Merton's typologies,what do drug addicts,the homeless,nuns living in a convent,and monks living in a monastery have in common?

When Anthony worked as a prison counselor,he would often ask property offenders why they committed the crime. The overwhelming response was,"I had to feed my family." How would Sykes and Matza classify this response?

In which of the following settings would shaming be LEAST effective?

A group's usual and customary social arrangements,on which its members depend and on which they base their lives,is called ________.

A few years ago President Bill Clinton was accused (several times)for "womanizing" that included a well-publicized tryst with a young White House intern named Monica Lewinsky. How might the president use techniques of neutralization to justify or at least excuse his behavior?

Sociologists who believe we help to produce our own orientations to life by joining specific groups is MOST aligned with which sociological perspective?

The sociologist responsible for developing one of the first control theories that addressed the inner controls of the individual and outer controls of society was ________.

Figure 6.1 "How Safe Is Your State? Violent Crime in the United States" shows a very diverse crime rate in America by region and state. How does the state rank where your university is located? What are some reasons some states are prone to crime while others are relatively crime free?

Why are negative and positive sanctions an important part of understanding deviance?

Crime "in the suites" (white-collar crime)actually costs the American taxpayer more in terms of dollars lost than "crime in the streets."

Because of ________,deviance is often seen as mental sickness rather than problematic behavior.

After reading Cultural Diversity around the World: "Dogging" in England,provide reasons why this behavior is treated lightly in England and would probably be totally unacceptable to the public in the United States.

Suicide bombers in Iraq are accorded high praise by those who oppose an American presence in the Middle East and are considered heroic warriors. Such honor and praise is an example of a ________.

Why is conformity considered the only nondeviant mode of adaptation?

The theory of differential association suggests that people who associate with certain groups receive an "excess of definitions" about either deviance or conformity.

Human sexuality illustrates how a group's definitions of an act,and not the act itself,determines whether or not it is considered deviant.

-In Table 6.1,"How People Match Their Goals to Their Means," under the column "Do They Feel the Strain That Leads to Anomie?" the table lists "No" under conformity. What is inherently wrong with this assumption? Provide at least one publicized real-life example to back up your answer.