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Melissa wants her company to adopt more environmentally friendly practices, so she has created a presentation to give to the board of directors. She begins her presentation by explaining some background information on these practices, such as why they are important for the environment and the company's image. Melissa then moves on to discussing exactly what measures she feels her company should adopt, and why she feels they are the best options. Given this information, Melissa is most likely from a(n) ______ culture.


A) high-context
B) polychronic
C) low-context
D) intimate
E) short-term oriented

F) A) and C)
G) None of the above

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C

Tamiko and her friends all have social media accounts that they use to talk to each other. However, they rarely add people that they don't know very well to their friends lists, and they almost never comment on posts made by companies or celebrities because they don't want to overstep their authority. Tamiko and her friends are likely members of a


A) culture with a high power distance.
B) culture with a low power distance.
C) high-context culture.
D) low-context culture.
E) culture that views space as belonging to the individual.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

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Carly and Trent own a small graphic design company together. They can make decisions for the company by themselves, but they often ask for input from other employees and believe that decisions made by consensus tend to be better for the company as a whole. Carly and Trent's company has a(n) ______ culture.


A) low-context
B) high power distance
C) low power distance
D) high-context
E) individualistic

F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

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Edwardo and his co-workers often show up and start meetings fifteen or even thirty minutes later than scheduled, indicating that they are probably members of a polychronic culture.

A) True
B) False

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Briefly explain the difference between monochronic and polychronic cultures.

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Monochronic cultures are those that value punctuality, schedules, and completing tasks one at a time. Time is seen as linear and is divided into discrete units. People in monochronic cultures tend to focus on one thing at a time and prioritize efficiency and organization. On the other hand, polychronic cultures view time as more fluid and less structured. People in polychronic cultures may engage in multiple activities at once and prioritize relationships and flexibility over strict adherence to schedules. Time is seen as more circular and events are often interconnected. Overall, the main difference between monochronic and polychronic cultures lies in their attitudes towards time, scheduling, and multitasking.

Geert Hofsted refers to the way people view relationships between superiors and subordinates as


A) restraint.
B) uncertainty avoidance.
C) power distance.
D) collectivism.
E) individualism.

F) All of the above
G) A) and D)

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Check in does not mean the same thing as the words check and in do on their own. Check in is an example of


A) a two-word verb.
B) an equivalency term.
C) an idiom.
D) a colloquialism.
E) jargon.

F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

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List at least five ways you might conduct research on the culture of another country.

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1. Conducting interviews with individual...

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Which of the following statements about good cross-cultural communication skills is not true?


A) They eliminate the chance that there will be culture-related misunderstanding.
B) They make it possible for your company to hire a wider variety of good people.
C) They increase your ability to understand the needs of customers from other countries.
D) They can help you persuasively explain to foreign customers how your company can meet their needs.
E) They can help you be a more effective employee.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

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Cross-cultural business communication skills are only necessary for employees of companies that do business internationally.

A) True
B) False

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When communicating with a nonnative English speaker, it is best to err on the side of simplicity to increase the likelihood of clear communication.

A) True
B) False

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Cultures that exhibit a high power distance


A) make decisions by consensus.
B) expect employees to do as their superiors direct.
C) tend to spread out authority so that no one person is too powerful.
D) leave employees to make their own decisions on a case-by-case basis.
E) encourage people to voice their opinions, no matter what role they inhabit.

F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

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Briefly explain why it is important to have cross-cultural business communication skills.

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It is important to have cross-cultural b...

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Which of the following statements about workplace values is true?


A) Canadian culture views the employee-employer relationship like a family and expects it to last for a lifetime.
B) All cultures believe that if you put hard work before pleasure, success will follow.
C) Cultures that place emphasis on interpersonal relationships rather than planning, as is the case in Spain, tend to be more relaxed in business.
D) American culture focuses on networking and interpersonal relationships rather than maximizing production or planning.
E) Cultures that have high power distance also tend to expect workers to be free to move from job to job.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and D)

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Which of the following is an example of a stereotype?


A) Zoe must like spicy food because she is Cuban.
B) Lillian Stark is English, and she prefers that people whom she does not know well call her Ms. Stark.
C) Akiko is Japanese and bows when greeting someone.
D) Roberto, a Brazilian, is often late to meetings and likes to chat before getting down to business.
E) James, an American, dislikes even moderate public displays of affection.

F) A) and D)
G) None of the above

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Jean Luc and Oscar own a small manufacturing company in Louisiana, and they are meeting with two executives of a Mexican retail chain in the hopes of convincing them to carry their products. Jean Luc begins the pitch, and after a couple of minutes, Oscar jumps in to say, "Jean Luc really hit the nail on the head when he said these products offer better value than what you're currently carrying." The Mexican executives both speak English, but they look at each other in confusion. What mistake did Oscar make?


A) He used a colloquialism.
B) He used jargon.
C) He used a two-word verb.
D) He spoke with too much familiarity.
E) He exhibited high-context culture traits while dealing with a low-context culture.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

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A

Which of the following statements about body movements is true?


A) The meanings of body movements are generally the same around the world.
B) Some body movements have clear meanings that are a crucial part of communication, while others do not.
C) If a movement has meaning in one culture, it has meaning in another culture, even if the meaning is slightly different.
D) A movement that is respectful in one culture will be respectful in another culture.
E) Even though the meanings of body movements vary by culture, eye contact is the same around the world.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

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The measure of how people view relationships between superiors and subordinates is referred to as culture context.

A) True
B) False

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Marina's boss has absolute authority in her office. He makes the decisions, and Marina is expected to simply do as he says. Marina most likely lives in a ______ culture.


A) high-context
B) high power distance
C) low power distance
D) low context
E) collectivistic

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Geography, history, and religion all play major roles in influencing culture.

A) True
B) False

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