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Every living cell in the body requires oxygen,various ions,and nutrients.However,the solid nature of bone prevents these materials from reaching bone cells by diffusion alone.Which statement best describes how bone cells receive these necessary items?


A) Blood capillaries penetrate into the calcified matrix of bone.
B) Bone cells are only found on the periphery of bone and thus are in direct contact with blood vessels.
C) Bone cells are only found lining the central canal where they are in direct contact with blood vessels.
D) Bone cells connect to each other and ultimately with blood vessels (in the central canal) through passageways called canaliculi.
E) Bone cells receive materials through lymph vessels that penetrate bone matrix.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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What structure does number 1 indicate? What structure does number 1 indicate?   A) Lateral surface B) Connective tissue C)  Basement membrane D) Apical surface E) Basal surface


A) Lateral surface
B) Connective tissue
C) Basement membrane
D) Apical surface
E) Basal surface

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

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Some bone interiors contain hemopoietic tissue,which functions in


A) storing fat.
B) producing hormones.
C) making connective tissue fibers.
D) producing blood cells.
E) breaking down toxins.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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Microscopic folds that extend from the apical surface of certain epithelia to increase the surface area for absorption and secretion are called


A) cilia.
B) microvilli.
C) flagella.
D) mucous ridges.
E) desmosomes.

F) All of the above
G) C) and E)

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This figure shows different types of intercellular junctions.Note the connexons associated with the junction indicated by number 2.What type of junction is this? This figure shows different types of intercellular junctions.Note the connexons associated with the junction indicated by number 2.What type of junction is this?   A) Gap junction B) Desmosome C) Tight junction D) Adhering junction


A) Gap junction
B) Desmosome
C) Tight junction
D) Adhering junction

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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If a person were unable to form saliva,what type of gland could be missing or malfunctioning?


A) Merocrine
B) Holocrine
C) Apocrine

D) B) and C)
E) All of the above

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