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Language is made up of basic sounds called:


A) vowels.
B) syllables.
C) phonemes.
D) morphemes.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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The whole-language approach supports that reading should be:


A) taught alone for its own sake.
B) focused on real-life materials.
C) integrated with other content areas such as science and social studies.
D) focused on real-life materials as well as integrated with other content areas such as science and social studies.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Which is not an aspect of pragmatics?


A) Taking turns in conversation
B) Using polite language
C) Pronouncing your words correctly
D) Telling convincing lies

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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Consider language development from birth through 2 years of age.Explain the process by using the major language milestones and ideas that support your responses.

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During infancy,babies begin their langua...

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In regard to concerns about immature printing and invented spelling,which statement(s) is/are true?


A) These traits should be viewed as natural.
B) These concerns are very legitimate since children can continue on in life this way.
C) These concerns will lessen in the context of maintaining early writing and spontaneity.
D) These traits are natural and the concerns will lessen in the context of maintaining early writing and spontaneity.

E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Gloria is reading a book to her young son.As they go through the book,Gloria points to the objects in the pictures and says things like,"This is a tree.What is it? A tree." Gloria is supporting her son's language development through:


A) recasting.
B) echoing.
C) labelling.
D) motherese.

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Both the stories of the Wild Boy of Aveyron and the modern-day child named Genie raise questions about:


A) who would allow this to happen to a child.
B) what are the biological determinants of language.
C) what are the environmental determinants of language.
D) what are the biological and environmental determinants of language.

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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Identify two basic issues that characterize connections between language and cognition and provide one example of each.

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Whether cognition is necessary...

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When Doug drops his 1-year-old son off at the day-care centre,the child-care worker approaches the son and says in a high-pitched voice,"Does baby want to play with the ball-ball today?" This care worker is:


A) using child-directed speech.
B) expanding.
C) recasting.
D) echoing.

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Which provides the strongest evidence for the biological basis of language?


A) The phonetic similarity between most languages
B) The fact that only human beings can acquire language
C) The consistent timing and order of language acquisition around the world, in spite of wide variations in the way adults interact with infants
D) The recent identification of a "linguistic gene sequence" on the eighteenth chromosomal pair

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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The use of short,precise words to communicate in a minimum of two-word utterances is called:


A) overextension.
B) telegraphic speech.
C) a holophrase.
D) expanding.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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When children learn to use their "quiet voices" in the library,they are learning rules of:


A) syntax.
B) semantics.
C) pragmatics.
D) phonology.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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What is the proper sequence for language acquisition?


A) Cry, babble, coo, first word
B) Babble, coo, cry, first word
C) Cry, coo, babble, first word
D) Coo, cry, first word, babble

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Children who begin elementary school with a small vocabulary are at risk when it comes to:


A) paying attention.
B) making friends.
C) learning how to read.
D) sitting in their seats.

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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What strategy did Roger Brown identify as the "great word game," claiming that much of the early vocabulary acquired by children is motivated by this adult pressure to identify the words associated with objects?


A) Echoing
B) Labelling
C) Recasting
D) Expanding

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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_____ is the ability to produce an endless number of meaningful sentences using a finite set of words and rules.


A) Infinite generativity
B) Syntax
C) Phonology
D) Displacement

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Which is the proper sequence for children's writing?


A) Scribbling, printing letters, distinguishing between features of letters
B) Scribbling, distinguishing between letters, printing letters, printing own name
C) Scribbling, printing letters, printing own name, distinguishing between letters
D) None of these

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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_____ is the use of irony,derision,or wit to expose folly or wickedness.


A) Similarity
B) Satire
C) Metaphor
D) Vocabulary

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Helen Keller's visual and auditory deficits were:


A) congenital.
B) caused by abuse.
C) psychosomatic.
D) the result of a childhood illness.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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The rules for forming acceptable sentences are part of a language's:


A) syntax.
B) semantics.
C) morphology.
D) pragmatics.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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