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What are the reasons for safety and health laws? How have workers' compensation laws and OSHA affected worker safety?

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An organizational culture that places a ...

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Depressed employees have a tendency to be absent from work but are not typically prone to more accidents.

A) True
B) False

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Additional Case 16.2 John is the newly hired director of HR at Richmond Manufacturing, and he is in the process of learning about the firm's HR policies and procedures and determining what areas need improvement. John learns from his staff that the firm's workers' compensation rates have risen dramatically in recent years due to rising claims. The firm has not received any OSHA citations, and most claims have been related to employee mistakes. Many HR staff members suspect that burnout, substance abuse, and depression are the primary causes of worksite accidents at Richmond. Although Richmond established a safety program two years ago, workplace accidents continue to occur at a significant rate. John is considering the idea of establishing an EAP at Richmond. -Refer to Additional Case 16.2. Which of the following actions should most likely be taken by Richmond's safety committee?


A) Reviewing accidents and making safety suggestions
B) Enforcing safety policies in all departments
C) Serving as OSHA inspectors and arbitrators
D) Auditing workers' compensation cases

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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According to the U.S. Supreme Court, employees:


A) may be cited for safety violations.
B) are not obligated to comply with their company's health and safety standards.
C) have the right to refuse to work under conditions in which they reasonably believe there is an immediate risk of injury or death.
D) are to be held liable for failing to report all hazardous conditions, injuries, or work-related illnesses to OSHA in a timely manner.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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According to ADA guidelines, employers have the right to:


A) ask job candidates if they have AIDS.
B) test job applicants for HIV before making an employment offer.
C) test job applicants for HIV after an employment offer has been extended.
D) refuse to make reasonable accommodations for employees with HIV or AIDS.

E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

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Workers' compensation law has evolved over time to its present form. What common law principles governed employer responsibilities to injured employees in the past? What are the current principles that guide today's employers?

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Summary of suggested answer - Common law...

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Which of the following is a true statement about workers' compensation?


A) Workers' compensation laws are federally mandated and enforced by OSHA.
B) Non-union firms are not required to carry workers' compensation insurance.
C) Workers' compensation is not mandatory in all U.S. states.
D) Most states had workers' compensation programs by 1911.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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After contacting OSHA to request a free consultation, the next step for an employer is to:


A) review the findings of the inspection and look for areas that can be improved.
B) discuss the consultant's role and the employer's obligations under the service.
C) examine workplace conditions and schedule meetings with employees.
D) assess the penalties for the business' safety violations.

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Most corporate sabotage is committed by disgruntled former employees.

A) True
B) False

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Business owners have the right to demand a search warrant from OSHA inspectors.

A) True
B) False

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Additional Case 16.1 Greenway Enterprises is a medium-sized manufacturer of electrical components. Recently, the company has experienced a number of workplace accidents. OSHA standards have not been violated in any of the accidents. One of the injured employees, Floyd, files a workers' compensation claim, which is upheld by the state. Doctors indicate that Floyd requires 8 weeks of vocational training before he can return to work. -Refer to Additional Case 16.1. Given that OSHA standards were not violated by Greenway, which of the following is most likely true?


A) Greenway invites OSHA inspectors to review safety procedures each week.
B) Greenway keeps all workers' compensation records on file for OSHA.
C) Greenway complies with OSHA's general duty provision.
D) Greenway adheres to OSHA's fellow-servant rule.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Fatal occupational injury rates are highest in the logging industry according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

A) True
B) False

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Both OSHA and NIOSH inspectors may inspect worksites and gather information from employers and employees about hazardous materials.

A) True
B) False

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Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs) are primarily designed to:


A) eliminate violence in the workplace by identifying and treating potentially violent employees.
B) create drug-free working environments by providing confidential drug treatment for employees.
C) prevent health problems by proactively encouraging and training employees to lead healthier lives.
D) help employees whose job performance is suffering due to physical, mental, or emotional problems.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Which company cited in your text trains its managers in how to spot and respond to domestic violence?


A) Liz Claiborne
B) United Airlines
C) Microsoft
D) United Parcel Service

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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OSHA offers a free consultation service to help businesses identify workplace hazards and improve safety management.

A) True
B) False

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OSHA's lowest inspection priority would be which of the following?


A) "High-hazard" industries and occupations
B) Doing follow-ups of employee complaints of unsafe working conditions
C) Workplaces with incidents of fatalities or hospitalization of five or more workers
D) Situations involving "imminent danger" in the workplace

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Which of the following is NOT a requirement for receiving OSHA approval of a state occupational safety and health program?


A) Providing educational assistance to employers
B) Hiring and training competent enforcement personnel
C) Exhibiting the ability to set and enforce standards
D) Showing the ability to fund more than half of the program's costs

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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What are cumulative trauma disorders? Why is lowering the incidence of CTDs beneficial to employers? How can employers minimize CTD problems?

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Cumulative trauma disorders (CTDs) are a...

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Additional Case 16.2 John is the newly hired director of HR at Richmond Manufacturing, and he is in the process of learning about the firm's HR policies and procedures and determining what areas need improvement. John learns from his staff that the firm's workers' compensation rates have risen dramatically in recent years due to rising claims. The firm has not received any OSHA citations, and most claims have been related to employee mistakes. Many HR staff members suspect that burnout, substance abuse, and depression are the primary causes of worksite accidents at Richmond. Although Richmond established a safety program two years ago, workplace accidents continue to occur at a significant rate. John is considering the idea of establishing an EAP at Richmond. -Refer to Additional Case 16.2. Which of the following is the most likely reason that Richmond's safety program is ineffective?


A) Most injured employees are unaware of EAP opportunities.
B) The safety committee consists of line managers and top executives.
C) The firm rewards its best truck drivers with gift cards and plaques.
D) Online safety training programs and demonstrations are available to all employees.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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