Question 1

Planetary orbits

Accepted Answer

A)   are evenly spaced throughout the solar system.
B)   are highly inclined to the ecliptic.
C)   are almost circular, with low eccentricities.
D)   have the Sun at their exact center.
E)   are spaced more closely together as they get further from the Sun.F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 2

The chemical composition differences between the planets are basically the result of the fact that different elements condense out of gas at different ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The chemical composition differences between the planets...

Question 3

The Oort Cloud is believed to have been formed by

Accepted Answer

A)   planetesimals that were flung far from the Sun in gravitational encounters with the jovian planets.
B)   icy bodies formed between stars that have been captured by our solar system's gravity.
C)   moons that escaped from the jovian planets.
D)   debris from an icy planet that broke apart early in the solar system's history.
E)   debris from impacts of planetesimals, asteroids and comets with the jovian planets.F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 4

What is the process of accretion?

Accepted Answer

A)   The separation of materials in a protoplanet by density, with dense material in core
B)   Growth of an object by the accumulation of matter
C)   The breakup of large objects by violent collisions with other similar-sized objects
D)   The period of time during which the Sun swept away all the excess material in the solar nebula
E)   The process by which the solar nebula became heated during its collapseF) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 5

None of the other stars yet studied has more than one planet orbiting it.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The processes of giant-planet migration and the formation of the Oort Cloud caused the Uranus to move both inward and outward in the solar system. Which motion was most important? Why?

Accepted Answer

The giant-planet migration process was p...

Question 7

Discuss the important features that allow space-based telescopes to search for transiting exoplanets.

Accepted Answer

They are exceptionally stable spacecraft...

Question 8

Hot jupiters have ________ period orbits.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Hot jupiters have ________ period orbits....

Question 9

What happens when a solar nebula contracts?

Accepted Answer

A)   It flattens out.
B)   It spins faster.
C)   It heats up.
D)   All of the above
E)   None of the aboveF) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 10

Any model of solar system formation must explain why terrestrial planets and jovian planets formed differently.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

What might have made the original solar nebula begin to contract?

Accepted Answer

A)   The Big Bang
B)   The formation of our arm of the Milky Way
C)   The shock wave from a nearby exploding star
D)   Interstellar magnetism generated by pulsars
E)   The large amount of angular momentum in the nebulaF) All of the above
G) B) and D)

Question 12

Which statement about extrasolar planets found to date is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)   All are terrestrials, comparable in size to Earth.
B)   Few are found by Doppler shifts of their stars, due to their gravity.
C)   All lie more than 2 AU from their star.
D)   Most have orbital periods of more than a year.
E)   Some are so close to their stars that their periods are just a few days.F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 13

Planets found in the habitable zone of other stars

Accepted Answer

A)   are all rocky planets, like the terrestrial planets in our solar system.
B)   are all jovian planets.
C)   include some Earths and super-Earths.
D)   include hot Jupiters.
E)   have been demonstrated to be barren of all life.F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 14

Most extrasolar Neptunes and Jupiters found to date have

Accepted Answer

A)   orbits very close to their parent stars, making them hot Neptunes and hot Jupiters.
B)   orbits that are more eccentric than those of planets in our solar system, with eccentricities greater than 0.1
C)   orbits that are less eccentric than those of planets in our solar system, with eccentricities less than 0.01.
D)   much larger orbits than the jovian planets in our solar system.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 15

Conservation of angular momentum means that a spinning body tends to

Accepted Answer

A)   fly apart.
B)   slow down.
C)   wobble into an eccentric orbit.
D)   gravitationally collapse.
E)   keep spinning.F) None of the above
G) B) and D)

Question 16

All planets revolve around the Sun counterclockwise, and most also rotate on their axis counterclockwise.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Comets that we can see originate in the ________ and ________.

Accepted Answer

Kuiper Bel...

Question 18

As a rotating gas cloud contracts, it spins

Accepted Answer

A)   faster due to an increase in angular momentum.
B)   slower due to a decrease in angular momentum.
C)   at a constant rate.
D)   faster due to conservation of angular momentum.
E)   slower due to conservation of angular momentum.F) A) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 19

Name three properties of the solar nebula still seen in planet orbits.

Accepted Answer

The planets still orbit in the common co...

Question 20

What factor caused different planets to form out of different types of material?

Accepted Answer

A)   The angular momentum of the forming planet; faster rotating planets lost the lightest elements.
B)   The quantity of dust particles in the solar nebula; more dust caused some planets to contain heavier elements.
C)   The variation in temperature throughout the solar nebula; the higher the temperature, the lower the percentage of light elements in the forming planet.
D)   The angular momentum of the solar nebula pushed the heavy elements towards the outer regions of the nebula.
E)   The innate variation of chemical composition of the original nebula; the outer parts of the nebula contained a greater abundance of heavy elements.F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Exam 7: Formation of Planetary Systems

Any model of solar system formation must explain why terrestrial planets and jovian planets formed differently.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most extrasolar Neptunes and Jupiters found to date have

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Conservation of angular momentum means that a spinning body tends to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Planets found in the habitable zone of other stars

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Oort Cloud is believed to have been formed by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What might have made the original solar nebula begin to contract?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The chemical composition differences between the planets are basically the result of the fact that different elements condense out of gas at different ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement about extrasolar planets found to date is TRUE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hot jupiters have ________ period orbits.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Planetary orbits

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As a rotating gas cloud contracts, it spins

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Discuss the important features that allow space-based telescopes to search for transiting exoplanets.

Correct AnswerverifiedThey are exceptionally stable spacecraft...View AnswerShow Answer

Name three properties of the solar nebula still seen in planet orbits.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe planets still orbit in the common co...View AnswerShow Answer

What factor caused different planets to form out of different types of material?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All planets revolve around the Sun counterclockwise, and most also rotate on their axis counterclockwise.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Comets that we can see originate in the ________ and ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedKuiper Bel...View AnswerShow Answer

What happens when a solar nebula contracts?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

None of the other stars yet studied has more than one planet orbiting it.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the process of accretion?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The processes of giant-planet migration and the formation of the Oort Cloud caused the Uranus to move both inward and outward in the solar system. Which motion was most important? Why?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe giant-planet migration process was p...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
They are exceptionally stable spacecraft...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified
The planets still orbit in the common co...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Comets that we can see originate in the and .

Correct Answer
verified
Kuiper Bel...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
The giant-planet migration process was p...
View Answer