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Exam 1: The Science of Psychology

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Question 131

Multiple Choice

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The process of establishing causal relationships is most associated with __________.

A) naturalistic observation
B) experiments
C) correlation
D) surveys

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Question 132

Multiple Choice

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Psychologists who give potential employees tests that determine what kind of job those employees might best perform are interested in the goal of __________.

A) description
B) explanation
C) prediction
D) control

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Question 133

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John Watson was a behaviorist who argued that the science of psychology must concern itself only with __________.

In an experiment concerning the effect of auditory feedback on accuracy in writing computer programs, one group hears a computer-simulated voice say each character or symbol that they type in as they are writing their programs. The second group does not receive the auditory feedback as they type their program lines. This second group is the __________ group.

Provide a real-life example of conditioning according to Ivan Pavlov. Be sure to label each part of your example accordingly and be very detailed.

Brianne wants to find an explanation for the behavior of her lab rats in her study. Which step in the scientific approach is she currently focusing on?

John Watson studied salivation in dogs in order to examine the concept of habituation.

The Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov discovered that dogs would salivate to the sound of a ticking metronome due to __________.

A famous golfer advertises a new golf bracelet that helps minimize fatigue while playing. If Bethany decides to order the bracelet because she believes that such a well-known personality should know if it works or not, she has made an error in which of the following criteria for critical thinking?

Who is considered to be the father of African American psychology?

As part of an assignment, Callum's class was asked to complete an anonymous questionnaire on prejudice. Which research method was Callum's professor using?

Harley was participating in an experiment in which she was given a pill that was supposed to cause her to get drowsy. Five minutes after taking the pill, Harley reported that she felt drowsy and wanted to lie down. The pill was actually made of sugar and had no ingredients to cause drowsiness. How do you explain Harley's drowsy feeling?

A psychologist, studying pilot trainees, picks a select group of trainees who are hopefully representative of all other trainees. The group of trainees being studied by this psychologist are collectively known to researchers as a __________.

What is the difference between the control group and the experimental group in a research study?

Which psychologist was the first African American to receive a Ph.D. in educational psychology in 1925?

What are the basic principles of critical thinking, and how can they be used in everyday life?

Which of the following psychologists was responsible for originating the behavioral school of psychology?

Which of the following is a common ethical guideline suggested by the American Psychological Association?

The general curiosity about why people think, feel, and behave the way they do __________.

The goals of psychology are to describe, explain, predict, and control behavior.