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The cozy relationship between politicians and the press in the twentieth century lasted until when?


A) the Iran Hostage Crisis
B) World War II
C) the beginning of Franklin Roosevelt's presidency
D) the Vietnam War and Watergate

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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News coverage of campaigns has become more negative since the 1960s.

A) True
B) False

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What is selective exposure? Do you think it is a problem or a strength in today's media? Explain your answer.

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1.Define selecti...

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Television,radio,and the Internet are __________ media; newspapers and magazines are __________ media.


A) electronic; print
B) public; private
C) private; public
D) liberal; conservative

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Public officials often leak __________ to reporters to see what the political reaction will be.


A) trial balloons
B) sound bites
C) beats
D) oiled news

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Americans today hear __________ of about 10 seconds or less of important political speeches on television news.

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What are sound bites? How does their use influence the nature of the news?

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1.Define a sound...

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According to journalist Mark Hertsgaard,which of the following is one of the seven principles on which news management in the Reagan White House operated?


A) Express the message once and only once.
B) Be spontaneous.
C) Stay on the offensive.
D) Expand reporters' access to the president.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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What is narrowcasting? Evaluate how narrowcasting can be both a good thing and a bad thing.

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1.Explain how na...

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The primary interest of privately owned media is __________.


A) making a profit
B) serving the public interest
C) spreading propaganda
D) informing the public

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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People who invest their political capital in an issue are called __________.


A) agenda setters
B) policy entrepreneurs
C) lobbyists
D) gatekeepers

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Over 80 percent of the nation's daily newspaper circulation is published by massive media conglomerates called __________.


A) narrowcasters
B) chains
C) broadcasters
D) associated press outlets

E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Which of the following is a consequence of the rise of narrowcasting?


A) Young adults are more likely than other age groups to use newspapers and broadcast media as news and information sources.
B) Young adults are less likely than other age groups to use newspapers and broadcast media as news and information sources.
C) Most Americans follow politics more frequently and with greater intensity than they follow popular culture.
D) Narrowcasting has encouraged less repetition of stories on cable news programs.

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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In 1960,one newspaper was sold for every two adults; by 2008,one paper was sold for every __________.


A) adult
B) three adults
C) five adults
D) 50 adults

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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In 1934,Congress created which body to regulate the use of the airwaves?


A) Federal Trade Commission
B) Equal Opportunity Commission
C) Federal Communications Commission
D) Department of Media Communications

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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In what ways are the news media as a whole biased? Evaluate the evidence that there might be an ideological bias in the media.

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1.Explain that t...

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Media events are those everyday campaign events that would be organized whether or not the press is likely to show up.

A) True
B) False

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During a 1976 presidential debate,President Ford made a mistake by saying that the Soviet Union was not the dominant force in Eastern Europe.The statement was given much press coverage,and polls indicated that most viewers did not recognize the error until they learned of it on the news.What effect did this reporting have on public opinion?


A) It made Ford more personally likable.
B) It made Ford seem less vulnerable.
C) It made Ford seem more qualified.
D) It made Ford seem less qualified.

E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

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Based on your opinion and a careful reading of the textbook,what role should the media play in American democracy? What role do they play?

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1.Form an argume...

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As technology has enabled the media to pass along information with greater speed,news coverage has become __________.


A) more homogenous
B) less thorough
C) more objective
D) less biased

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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