A) a national economic program whose main beneficiaries seemed to some segments of American society to be eastern "moneyed men" and New Englanders who refused to pay their debts
B) the attempt by George Washington to run for a second term even though he had not delivered on his campaign promises
C) John Adams's statement that he should be addressed as one would address a king
D) a breakdown of law and order on the frontier and the suspicion that the Federalists cared only about protecting their investments in the shipping industry
E) the refusal of federalists in Congress to agree to a balanced-budget amendment to the constitution
G) C) and E)
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[M]
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A) Hamilton's financial program
B) The creation of the federal court system
C) Interference with American shipping by France and Britain
D) Washington's successor
E) The disputed election of 1792
G) A) and B)
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A) It declared war against France.
B) It proclaimed neutrality.
C) It reaffirmed the 1778 Franco-American alliance.
D) It seized the western forts occupied by Britain.
E) It declared war against Britain.
G) B) and C)
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A) It was an incident where a British ship attacked and American naval vessel without warning.
B) It was an effort by the French to get the United States to pay a bribe before they would negotiate.
C) It was the first time that the United States tried to publish its own English dictionary.
D) It was an attempt by Thomas Jefferson to persuade undecided electors to vote for him.
E) It was the first scandal in American presidential history when George Washington was caught cheating on his income taxes.
G) D) and E)
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A) It opened most of modern-day Ohio to white settlement and ended Indian hostilities there.
B) It opened New Orleans to American shippers and guaranteed American rights to use the Mississippi River.
C) It reopened the British West Indies to American commerce.
D) It reopened French possessions to American trade.
E) It reestablished cordial Anglo-American relations.
G) A) and E)
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A) Article 1, section 8 of the Constitution explicitly states that Congress has the authority to regulate banks.
B) The Ninth Amendment to the Constitution states any powers not contained in the Constitution are reserved to Congress.
C) The Constitution gives Congress the authority to do whatever is "necessary and proper" to perform its duties.
D) Article 2, section 3 of the Constitution allows the president as the chief executive of the country to establish any institution he sees fit.
E) The Tenth Amendment states that Congress can assume powers if those powers are implied in the Constitution.
G) D) and E)
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A) She argued that women deserved the right to vote.
B) She supported the publication of birth control information.
C) She asserted that the Cherokee should seek peace with the United States.
D) She challenged the right of husbands to file for divorce but not women.
E) She claimed child labor should be stopped at once.
G) A) and B)
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A) He believed it would eliminate farming as an important component of the economy.
B) He believed it would create a more diversified and prosperous economy.
C) He believed it would allow the United States to become the world's leading textile producer.
D) He believed it would eliminate the influence of France in the United States.
E) He believed it would increase the federal government powers in relation to the states.
G) All of the above
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A) There was less acreage available for growing hay.
B) European competition was forcing many small farms out of business.
C) Men and women wanted to be able to work in separate buildings.
D) There was a desire to increase dairy production to meet growing urban demand.
E) A new movement for the humane treatment of animals was sweeping the East Coast.
G) C) and E)
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A) They established the precedent that states had the right to secede from the union.
B) They showed the resolve of Southern states to resist the elimination of slavery.
C) They forced Federalists to recognize the importance of including a bill of rights in the constitution.
D) They made the claim that a state had the right to nullify federal laws it deemed unconstitutional.
E) They asserted that only states could pass laws related to settlement.
G) All of the above
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A) It ended the British practice of impressment.
B) It arranged for withdrawal of British troops from American soil.
C) It reopened the British West Indies trade to American ships.
D) It won recognition of the thirty-first parallel as the United States' southern boundary.
E) It settled the issue of compensation for slaves taken during the Revolution.
G) None of the above
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A) There was a shift away from small-scale subsistence farming.
B) Many young men and young couples migrated westward.
C) Slavery experienced a renewal as a viable economic system.
D) Free blacks began to suffer an erosion of the political gains made after 1776.
E) All of these choices
G) A) and E)
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E
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A) The survival of the federal government depended on the republican virtues of the common people.
B) The federal and executive authority of the national government had to be strengthened.
C) America's best opportunity for economic survival lay in its traditional source of strength, agriculture.
D) The nation would be economically strong if it forged close trading ties with both Britain and France.
E) The states needed to reassert power over the national government, because individual self-sacrifice and virtue were most effective on the local level.
G) A) and D)
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A) The rise of a widespread abolitionist movement in Virginia
B) The bloody slave revolt on Saint Domingue and the abortive slave insurrection in Virginia
C) The formation of political parties
D) Congress's attempts to abolish slavery
E) All of these choices
G) B) and C)
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A) It forbade any individual to oppose any law of the United States.
B) It made it illegal to speak, write, or print any statement about the president that would put him into disrepute.
C) It was designed to be in effect for only three years.
D) It defined criminal activity so broadly that it blurred any real distinction between sedition and legitimate political discussion.
E) All of these choices
G) C) and E)
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A) They declined in circulation and became mainly the means for the elite to communicate among themselves.
B) They expanded in number and circulation and through their carefully reasoned articles and editorials helped to raise the quality of public discussion.
C) They declined dramatically in influence because both Republicans and Federalists turned against their incessant fear-mongering and character assassination.
D) They expanded in circulation but declined in influence because their focus tended to be on local society news and the latest entertainment gossip.
E) They expanded in number and circulation through fear mongering and character assassination, and were often libelous and irresponsible.
G) C) and D)
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E
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A) Political parties were necessary instruments for identifying and mobilizing public opinion.
B) Political parties were factions and inherently corrupt.
C) Political parties could function as the practical embodiment of different social classes and regions.
D) Political parties would provide stability and a sense of tradition to a system that otherwise would unravel at the seams.
E) Political parties were an essential part of the great tradition of English democracy to which Americans were heirs.
G) D) and E)
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A) New Englanders favored Britain because they believed that good relations with the British were essential to the region's prosperity.
B) Southerners favored Britain because they believed that the British offered the best potential market for southern agricultural exports.
C) Almost all Americans applauded the struggle because they hoped that the two nations would knock each other out and leave the United States as the premier nation in the Atlantic world.
D) New Englanders favored France because of the alliance signed during the American Revolution and because of their desire to see the French humiliate King George III.
E) New Englanders, southerners, and most residents of the Middle Atlantic states believed that the Washington administration's declaration of American neutrality was the only way to ensure the survival of their young republic.
G) All of the above
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A) He deferred to Congress on domestic issues, spoke publicly only on foreign relations and military affairs, and sought a wide range of opinions.
B) He took a prominent role in guiding national opinion, saw himself as a creator of the legislative agenda, and fought bitterly with Congress over his initial domestic program.
C) He surrounded himself with loyal Federalists, deferred to Alexander Hamilton on all issues, and preferred a merely ceremonial role in national affairs.
D) He barnstormed the country giving as many as four speeches in one day, in order to generate support for his program.
E) He enjoyed the trappings of great power, strove to enhance the authority of the presidency, and conferred only with his vice president on most issues.
G) A) and E)
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