Question 1

Structural functionalists like Émile Durkheim believe that every aspect of a social structure does something to help maintain the stability of society. According to Durkheim, what are some of the so-called functions of deviance within a society?

Accepted Answer

Durkheim argues that deviance helps soci...

Question 2

An example of ________ is Asian American students being more likely to be placed in Advanced Placement classes, earn higher grades, and be treated well by teachers.

Accepted Answer

A)   a stereotype promise
B)   a self-fulfilling prophecy
C)   tertiary deviance
D)   a stereotype threatE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 3

Why was having a hand cut off a typical punishment for a pickpocket in colonial America?

Accepted Answer

A)   The hand is a part of the body that can usually be safely amputated without risk of infection.
B)   It was easy and convenient.
C)   It was considered symbolically appropriate to punish the part of the body most directly connected with the crime.
D)   It was considered the most painful punishment that could be administered.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 4

What is one of the principal reasons people turn to deviant behavior in the United States, according to the structural strain theory of deviance as articulated by Robert Merton?

Accepted Answer

A)   There are a lot of people with inborn antisocial tendencies.
B)   American society is very lax in enforcing laws.
C)   The media sensationalizes deviant behavior, which is why it becomes increasingly attractive to young people.
D)   The goal of success is shared by a majority of people, but not everyone has equal means for achieving that goal.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 5

Which of the following describes how deviance can be explained from the functionalist perspective?

Accepted Answer

A)   Deviance breaks down social cohesion and leads to revolution.
B)   Deviance makes it easier for the upper class to control the poor.
C)   Deviance helps the upper class maintain its power and influence in society.
D)   Deviance clarifies moral boundaries and affirms norms.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 6

What evidence shows that the number of women who commit crimes is related to social structure?

Accepted Answer

A)   Female arrest rates have remained remarkably steady over the course of American history.
B)   Male and female arrest rates tend to change at about the same rate.
C)   There are approximately as many women in prison as men.
D)   Female arrest rates have increased as women have gained more presence in the labor market.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

Maria is the school chess champion and is invited to compete at a regional tournament. An opponent tells Maria that men are naturally better at chess than women. Upon hearing this, Maria becomes upset and worried about her performance and subsequently loses her first match. What has Maria just experienced?

Accepted Answer

A)   stereotype promise
B)   stereotype threat
C)   tertiary deviance
D)   differential associationE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 8

What term describes "actions considered deviant within a given context but are later reinterpreted as appropriate or even heroic"?

Accepted Answer

A)   positive deviance
B)   heroic deviance
C)   anti-deviance
D)   appropriate devianceE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 9

Deviance can be considered relative because whether or not a behavior is considered deviant depends upon the historical, cultural, and situational context in which it occurs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Prison has been the most common means of punishment for criminals and deviants throughout history.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Stealing avocados or almost any other agricultural product is a felony in California if the product is worth more than $100. A ________ would say that such laws target homeless people who have little power in society and are simply trying to eat.

Accepted Answer

A)   conflict theorist
B)   functionalist
C)   symbolic interactionist
D)   follower of Robert MertonE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Martin Luther King Jr. went to jail many times for acts of civil disobedience such as ignoring court orders prohibiting marches and boycotts. Some people, even those who agreed with him, criticized him for disobeying the law. However, most people today view these actions as a form of

Accepted Answer

A)   positive deviance.
B)   deterrence.
C)   deviance avowal.
D)   in-group orientation.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

Howard Becker's labeling theory argues that no act is deviant until a society labels it as deviant. Explain why Becker and other sociologists, like David Rosenhan, author of "On Being Sane in Insane Places," believe that labeling can have long-lasting effects on the individual who is labeled a deviant.

Accepted Answer

A deviant label can have long-lasting ef...

Question 14

There are several ways in which gays and lesbians in the United States have chosen to manage their stigma. What strategy are gay rights activists using when they chant the slogan "We're here, we're queer, get used to it"?

Accepted Answer

A)   passing
B)   assimilation
C)   bureaucratic mediation
D)   in-group orientationE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

According to labeling theory, none of the pseudo-patients in David Rosenhan's "On Being Sane in Insane Places" were discovered because

Accepted Answer

A)   they all were mentally ill, at least to some extent.
B)   they were too "clean-cut" to be considered mentally ill.
C)   they were well-coached in the symptoms real patients would experience.
D)   it is difficult for anyone to see past the label once a person has been labeled "mentally ill."E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 16

What is the Uniform Crime Report (UCR) ?

Accepted Answer

A)   a report that assigns funding to different areas of federal law enforcement
B)   an official measure of all the norm violations that occur
C)   sentencing guidelines as they relate to race and class
D)   an official measure of crime in the United StatesE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 17

According to Jack Katz, what do muggers gain from their crimes, aside from material objects?

Accepted Answer

A)   He argues that they are often trying to return to prison, where they feel more secure.
B)   He argues that they seek power and control over their victims.
C)   He argues that they mug for a sense of satisfaction and excitement.
D)   He argues that they mug for a steady living that allows them to move up in social status.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 18

A gay man who joins a dating website tells his friends that he is frustrated when other men on the website describe themselves as "straight-acting, straight-appearing." He believes that these men are treating gay identity as a stigmatized identity by

Accepted Answer

A)   passing.
B)   in-group orientation.
C)   deviance avowal.
D)   symbolic interactionism.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 19

There are many competing and often incompatible ideas about how to best deal with criminal behavior. Deterrence, retribution, incapacitation, and rehabilitation are all believed by some to have merit. Discuss the ways in which these different methods for dealing with deviance reflect the different ways society views criminals.

Accepted Answer

Those who believe in deterrence think of...

Question 20

Jewish Americans, African Americans, and Hispanic Americans were not permitted to purchase houses in the suburb of Lakewood, California when it was first built in 1950. However, the developers reversed this policy within a few years and started selling homes to families regardless of religious faith or ethnicity. What does this tell us about stigma?

Accepted Answer

A)   Stigma leaves permanent marks on those it affects.
B)   Stigma is only a problem in areas where money is involved.
C)   Stigmatized identities can be overcome through passing.
D)   Stigmatized identities change over time.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Exam 6: Deviance

Structural functionalists like Émile Durkheim believe that every aspect of a social structure does something to help maintain the stability of society. According to Durkheim, what are some of the so-called functions of deviance within a society?

Correct Answer
verified
Durkheim argues that deviance helps soci...
View Answer

What term describes "actions considered deviant within a given context but are later reinterpreted as appropriate or even heroic"?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

According to labeling theory, none of the pseudo-patients in David Rosenhan's "On Being Sane in Insane Places" were discovered because

Correct Answer
verified

Stealing avocados or almost any other agricultural product is a felony in California if the product is worth more than $100. A ________ would say that such laws target homeless people who have little power in society and are simply trying to eat.

Correct Answer
verified

There are several ways in which gays and lesbians in the United States have chosen to manage their stigma. What strategy are gay rights activists using when they chant the slogan "We're here, we're queer, get used to it"?

Correct Answer
verified

A gay man who joins a dating website tells his friends that he is frustrated when other men on the website describe themselves as "straight-acting, straight-appearing." He believes that these men are treating gay identity as a stigmatized identity by

Correct Answer
verified

Deviance can be considered relative because whether or not a behavior is considered deviant depends upon the historical, cultural, and situational context in which it occurs.

Correct Answer
verified

An example of ________ is Asian American students being more likely to be placed in Advanced Placement classes, earn higher grades, and be treated well by teachers.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following describes how deviance can be explained from the functionalist perspective?

Correct Answer
verified

According to Jack Katz, what do muggers gain from their crimes, aside from material objects?

Correct Answer
verified

What is the Uniform Crime Report (UCR) ?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Those who believe in deterrence think of...
View Answer

What is one of the principal reasons people turn to deviant behavior in the United States, according to the structural strain theory of deviance as articulated by Robert Merton?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

What evidence shows that the number of women who commit crimes is related to social structure?

Correct Answer
verified

Prison has been the most common means of punishment for criminals and deviants throughout history.

Correct Answer
verified

Martin Luther King Jr. went to jail many times for acts of civil disobedience such as ignoring court orders prohibiting marches and boycotts. Some people, even those who agreed with him, criticized him for disobeying the law. However, most people today view these actions as a form of

Correct Answer
verified

Why was having a hand cut off a typical punishment for a pickpocket in colonial America?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
A deviant label can have long-lasting ef...
View Answer

Exam 6: Deviance

Structural functionalists like Émile Durkheim believe that every aspect of a social structure does something to help maintain the stability of society. According to Durkheim, what are some of the so-called functions of deviance within a society?

Correct AnswerverifiedDurkheim argues that deviance helps soci...View AnswerShow Answer

What term describes "actions considered deviant within a given context but are later reinterpreted as appropriate or even heroic"?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to labeling theory, none of the pseudo-patients in David Rosenhan's "On Being Sane in Insane Places" were discovered because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Stealing avocados or almost any other agricultural product is a felony in California if the product is worth more than $100. A ________ would say that such laws target homeless people who have little power in society and are simply trying to eat.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

There are several ways in which gays and lesbians in the United States have chosen to manage their stigma. What strategy are gay rights activists using when they chant the slogan "We're here, we're queer, get used to it"?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A gay man who joins a dating website tells his friends that he is frustrated when other men on the website describe themselves as "straight-acting, straight-appearing." He believes that these men are treating gay identity as a stigmatized identity by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Deviance can be considered relative because whether or not a behavior is considered deviant depends upon the historical, cultural, and situational context in which it occurs.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An example of ________ is Asian American students being more likely to be placed in Advanced Placement classes, earn higher grades, and be treated well by teachers.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following describes how deviance can be explained from the functionalist perspective?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Jack Katz, what do muggers gain from their crimes, aside from material objects?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the Uniform Crime Report (UCR) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedThose who believe in deterrence think of...View AnswerShow Answer

What is one of the principal reasons people turn to deviant behavior in the United States, according to the structural strain theory of deviance as articulated by Robert Merton?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What evidence shows that the number of women who commit crimes is related to social structure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Prison has been the most common means of punishment for criminals and deviants throughout history.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Martin Luther King Jr. went to jail many times for acts of civil disobedience such as ignoring court orders prohibiting marches and boycotts. Some people, even those who agreed with him, criticized him for disobeying the law. However, most people today view these actions as a form of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why was having a hand cut off a typical punishment for a pickpocket in colonial America?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedA deviant label can have long-lasting ef...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified
Durkheim argues that deviance helps soci...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Those who believe in deterrence think of...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
A deviant label can have long-lasting ef...
View Answer