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Exam 6: Deviance and Social Control

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Question 41

True/False

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The upper-class uses the criminal justice system to oppress the lower-class because they pose a threat to their power and the current social order.

A) True
B) False

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Question 42

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Violations of norms and rules that are written into law are officially called ________.

A) ethics
B) values
C) folkways
D) crimes

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Question 43

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In control theory, what is the difference between inner and outer controls?

The relativity of deviance is most aligned with which sociological perspective?

By employing techniques of neutralization, even the most dedicated deviants can view themselves as conformists.

The percentage of former prisoners who are rearrested is known as ___________.

The total prison and jail population in the United States equals approximately ________ people, which is one out of every 135 Americans.

How does Chambliss's (1973)study of the Saints and the Roughnecks illustrate the power of labels in everyday life?

The sociologist responsible for developing one of the first control theories that addressed the inner controls of the individual and outer controls of society was ________.

Cloward and Ohlin addressed the street hustler as a role model for youth and the methods used to earn easy money through a life of crime. What did they call this career path of delinquency?

According to strain theory, the underlying cause of deviance is that people experience a sense of normlessness. This sense of normlessness is referred to as ________.

Matthew and Ryan are devout Christian Fundamentalists and believe that homosexuality is against God's will and that homosexuals deserve to be punished. They spend a couple evenings each week in gay bashing activities that include physical violence and verbal assaults. Based on their rationalization, which technique of neutralization is most applicable for Matthew and Ryan to maintain positive self-images?

When Anthony worked as a prison counselor he would often ask property offenders why they committed the crime. The overwhelming response was, "I had to feed my family." How would Sykes and Matza classify this response?

When citizens take the law into their own hands it is known as __________.

In Mexico vigilantism has become a means adopted by the people to secure their freedom. What has happened in that society to lead such means? How might U.S. citizens be at risk for loosing such freedoms?

Human sexuality illustrates how a group's definitions of an act, and not the act itself, determines whether or not it is considered deviant.

Based on Merton's typologies, what do drug addicts, the homeless, nuns living in a convent, and monks living in a monastery have in common?

What is the most common martial status found among inmates in U.S. state prisons?

Official crime statistics gathered by the police and FBI can be relied upon for their objectivity and accuracy for measuring crime in their respective jurisdictions.

A person in the upper-class is less likely to be punished by the criminal justice system than someone in the lower-class.