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Which of the following statements is true of random assignment?


A) It assigns employees to a training program without considering their individual differences.
B) It results in an unequal distribution of individual characteristics, such as age and gender.
C) It increases the effects of employees dropping out of the study.
D) It increases the differences between the training group and comparison group.

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

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A company that aims to improve readily observable outcomes by collecting data at periodic intervals before and after training is likely applying a ________ evaluation design.


A) Solomon four-group
B) pre-test/post-test
C) return on investment
D) time series

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Outcome measures are often highly related to each other.

A) True
B) False

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________ refers to whether performance on the outcome reflects true differences in performance.


A) Validity
B) Discrimination
C) Reliability
D) Utility

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Describe the various reasons for evaluating the effectiveness of training programs.

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There are multiple reasons to evaluate t...

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It is estimated that 15% of organizations collect data on which of the following training outcomes?


A) reactions
B) cognitive outcomes
C) behavioral outcomes
D) results
E) ROI

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

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If a firm measures its sales volume before and after a training program, which training outcome is it focused on?


A) reactions
B) return on expectations (ROE)
C) return on investment (ROI)
D) results

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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D

________ refers to the ease with which training outcomes can be collected.


A) Reliability
B) Practicality
C) Acceptability
D) Relevance

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

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Identify the circumstances when a company should consider employing a more rigorous design for evaluating a training program.

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A more rigorous evaluation design should be considered when: •The evaluation results can be used to change the program. •The training is ongoing and has the potential to affect many employees. •The training program involves multiple classes and a large number of trainees. •Cost justification for training is based on numerical indicators. •Trainers or others in the company have the expertise to evaluate. •The cost of training creates a need to show that it works. •There is sufficient time for conducting an evaluation. •There is interest in measuring change from pre-training levels or in comparing two or more different programs.

Affective outcomes would be considered a Level 1 outcome in Kirkpatrick's model of training evaluation.

A) True
B) False

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Pilot testing refers to the process of previewing the training program with potential trainees and managers.

A) True
B) False

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Favorable trainee reactions are strongly connected with transfer.

A) True
B) False

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The Solomon four-group design combines the pre-test/post-test comparison group and the post-test-only/control group design.

A) True
B) False

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True

Pilot testing is more useful for formative evaluation than summative evaluation.

A) True
B) False

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A CEO is likely more concerned with summative evaluation relative to formative evaluation.

A) True
B) False

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________ relate to trainees' attitudes toward training content and motivation to transfer.


A) Reactions
B) Affective outcomes
C) Cognitive outcomes
D) Behavior and skill-based outcomes

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

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Formative evaluation involves collecting data about a training program from trainees mainly through ________.


A) their opinions and feelings about the program
B) measures of performance, such as volume of sales
C) tests and ratings of behavior
D) return on investment (ROI)

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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It is necessary to limit return on investment (ROI) analysis to certain training programs as it can be costly.

A) True
B) False

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The evaluation process ideally begins with ________.


A) developing outcome measures
B) choosing an evaluation strategy
C) developing measurable learning objectives
D) conducting a needs analysis

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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________ is (are) likely to be the easiest training outcome to measure.


A) Return on expectations (ROE)
B) Return on investment (ROI)
C) Results
D) Reactions

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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