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During ventricular systole, blood is


A) flowing from the systemic and pulmonary circuits into both the atria and ventricles.
B) forced from the atria into the ventricles.
C) forced from the ventricles into the aorta and pulmonary trunk.
D) not flowing into or out of the heart.

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Identify the change in blood flow through the heart in the condition of a ventricular septal defect.

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A ventricular septal defect allows blood...

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The right atrium receives blood from the superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, and ________.

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Death of heart musculature due to lack of oxygen.


A) cardiac tamponade
B) valve insufficiency
C) heart block
D) myocardial infarction
E) ventricular fibrillation

F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

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The cusps of the valves of the heart are covered by


A) epicardium.
B) myocardium.
C) endocardium.
D) modified pericardium.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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  Use the diagram above to answer the following questions. -Identify the letter that indicates the tissue layer of the heart known as the epicardium. A)  A B)  B C)  C D)  D E)  E Use the diagram above to answer the following questions. -Identify the letter that indicates the tissue layer of the heart known as the epicardium.


A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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The ________ develops from the embryological chamber called the sinus venosus.


A) sinoatrial (SA) node
B) right ventricle
C) left atrium
D) pulmonary trunk

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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The correct sequence of heart wall layers from superficial to deep is epicardium, endocardium, and myocardium.

A) True
B) False

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Compare the difference between incompetent and stenotic heart valves.

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Incompetent heart valves are valves that...

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The accumulation of pericardial fluid due to inflammation, or the accumulation of blood in the pericardial cavity, can lead to


A) pericarditis.
B) pleuritis.
C) cardiac tamponade.
D) fasciae adherens.
E) mitral valve prolapse.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

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Of the three layers of the heart wall, the layer that contains cardiac muscle is the


A) epicardium.
B) visceral layer of serous pericardium.
C) myocardium.
D) endocardium.

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

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The "heartstrings" are the


A) cusps of the atrioventricular valves.
B) chordae tendineae.
C) trabeculae carneae.
D) papillary muscles.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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The atrioventricular valves cannot be inverted because of the attachment of ________.

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Heart block interferes with the ability of the ventricles to receive the pacing impulses of the conducting system.

A) True
B) False

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