Question 1

How does a buffer help a solution maintain pH?

Accepted Answer

A)   A buffer releases acid to maintain proper pH.
B)   A buffer forms both cations and anions to counteract acids.
C)   A buffer can act like a base if pH is acidic,and it can act like an acid if pH is basic.
D)   A buffer release base to neutralize acid.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 2

-The sodium chloride molecule breaks apart in water.What does "E" represent (the process) ?

Accepted Answer

A)  chloride ion
B)  dissociation
C)  water molecule
D)  sodium ion
E)  salt crystalF) All of the above
G) D) and E)

Question 3

Cations and anions that dissociate in water are sometimes called

Accepted Answer

A)  molecules
B)  nonelectrolytes and solutes.
C)  electrolytes,because they can conduct an electrical current.
D)  nonelectrolytes,because they do not conduct an electrical current.
E)  molecules and electrolytes.F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 4

Solubility refers to the ability of one substance to ___________ in another.

Accepted Answer

A)  react
B)  dissolve
C)  precipitate
D)  conduct
E)  None of these choices are correct.F) A) and B)
G) A) and D)

Question 5

Electrolytes are substances that

Accepted Answer

A)  are NOT found in the human body in any appreciable amounts.
B)  form covalent bonds with water.
C)  cannot conduct electricity in solution.
D)  are NOT charged particles.
E)  conduct electricity when dissolved in water.F) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 6

Intermolecular forces

Accepted Answer

A)  separate atoms and ions from one another.
B)  are electrostatic attractions between different molecules.
C)  are found within molecules.
D)  evenly distribute electrical charge among all atoms in a sample.
E)  form dissociated ions.F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 7

Carbon dioxide is considered a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  compound.
B)  molecule.
C)  ion.
D)  element.
E)  molecule and a compound.F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 8

DNA

Accepted Answer

A)  contains the sugar deoxyribose.
B)  assembles amino acids to make proteins..
C)  is one of several amino acids.
D)  must travel to ribosomes to function.
E)  is a single-stranded molecule.F) B) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 9

The amount of matter in an object is its

Accepted Answer

A)  size.
B)  weight.
C)  density.
D)  volume.
E)  mass.F) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 10

What particle is formed when an acid loses a proton (H+) ?

Accepted Answer

A)  conjugate base
B)  buffer
C)  conjugate acid
D)  saltE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 11

Polysaccharides

Accepted Answer

A)  are the smallest carbohydrates.
B)  contain carbon,hydrogen,and phosphate atoms.
C)  are not found in plants.
D)  contain long chains of monosaccharides.
E)  are formed when sucrose and glucose combine.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 12

Which of the following would be classified as a lipid?

Accepted Answer

A)  catalase-an enzyme
B)  alanine-an amino acid
C)  starch-a polysaccharide
D)  cholesterol-a steroid
E)  sucrose-a disaccharideF) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Question 13

Which of the following organic groups does lactose belong to?

Accepted Answer

A)  protein
B)  nucleic acid
C)  carbohydrate
D)  lipid
E)  vitaminF) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 14

Chemical energy

Accepted Answer

A)  moves matter.
B)  results from the position or movement of objects.
C)  is a form of potential energy within chemical bonds.
D)  comes from the sun.
E)  is not important in physiological processes.F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 15

Sodium chloride is considered a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  molecule.
B)  element.
C)  compound.
D)  molecule and a compound.
E)  ion.F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 16

Chemical substances that dissolve in water or react with water to release ions are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  buffers.
B)  electrolytes.
C)  bases.
D)  inorganic compounds.
E)  enzymes.F) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 17

Phospholipids

Accepted Answer

A)  are fat-soluble vitamins.
B)  are found in cell membranes.
C)  contain subunits called amino acids.
D)  are water-soluble.
E)  are a type of steroid.F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 18

Which of the following is a synthesis reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Two amino acids are bonded together to form a dipeptide.
B)  Sodium chloride is dissolved in water.
C)  ATP is converted to ADP.
D)  Sucrose is chemically separated to form one molecule of glucose and one molecule of fructose.
E)  Several dipeptide chains are formed from digestion of a long polypeptide chain.F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 19

-Phospholipids are important components of the plasma membrane.What does "A" represent on the diagram?

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphorus
B)  oxygen
C)  nitrogen
D)  polar (hydrophilic) region
E)  nonpolar (hydrophobic) regionF) B) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 20

-The sodium chloride molecule breaks apart in water.What does "D" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  chloride ion
B)  dissociation
C)  water molecule
D)  sodium ion
E)  salt crystalF) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

Exam 2: The Chemical Basis of Life

How does a buffer help a solution maintain pH?

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Sodium chloride is considered a(n)

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-Phospholipids are important components of the plasma membrane.What does "A" represent on the diagram?

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-The sodium chloride molecule breaks apart in water.What does "D" represent?

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Carbon dioxide is considered a(n)

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Chemical energy

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Intermolecular forces

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The amount of matter in an object is its

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Polysaccharides

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Which of the following organic groups does lactose belong to?

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What particle is formed when an acid loses a proton (H+) ?

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Electrolytes are substances that

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Which of the following is a synthesis reaction?

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Chemical substances that dissolve in water or react with water to release ions are known as

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Phospholipids

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-The sodium chloride molecule breaks apart in water.What does "E" represent (the process) ?

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DNA

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Cations and anions that dissociate in water are sometimes called

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Which of the following would be classified as a lipid?

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Solubility refers to the ability of one substance to ___________ in another.

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